The court discusses the determination and relevance of the place where the award was made (in a foreign State or another contracting State.

The court discusses whether the Convention applies to domestic arbitration and to proceedings for the setting aside of domestic awards. 

Due process: The court discusses various irregularities affecting due process, including letters not sent, names of arbitrators or experts not communicated, language of proceedings and communications, etc.

Public policy: The court discusses the effect of other alleged violations of public policy on the recognition and enforcement of an arbitral award, such as contradictory reasons, manifest disregard of the law (US), etc.